It will simply create a ROS message, fill it with a text and print it. Here's the line by line explanation:
std_msgs::String msg; // create a standard message object of type String (used to send messages between ROS services / nodes / programs)
std::stringstream ss; // create a stringstream object which will store our text and take care of other operations on strings
ss << "hello world " << count; // fill the stringsream object with text "Hello world X". X represent the iteration number which was previously stored in "count" variable
msg.data = ss.str(); // fill the data field of our ROS message with the text we previously stored in the stringstream object (you can see the stringstream object as a buffer where we store text)
ROS_INFO("%s", msg.data.c_str()); // print the content of the ROS message in the console and save it in the log file