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This ROS Navigation Tuning Guide could help you with tuning.

Especially the part in 1.3 Setting minimum values

"Setting minimum velocity is not as formulaic as above. For minimum translational velocity, we want to set it to a large negative value because this enables the robot to back off when it needs to unstuck itself, but it should prefer moving forward in most cases. For minimum rotational velocity, we also want to set it to negative (if the parameter allows) so that the robot can rotate in either directions. Notice that DWA Local Planner takes the absolute value of robot’s minimum rotational velocity."

This ROS Navigation Tuning Guide could help you with tuning.

Especially the part in 1.3 Setting minimum values

"Setting minimum velocity is not as formulaic as above. For minimum translational velocity, we want to set it to a large negative value because this enables the robot to back off when it needs to unstuck itself, but it should prefer moving forward in most cases. For minimum rotational velocity, we also want to set it to negative (if the parameter allows) so that the robot can rotate in either directions. Notice that DWA Local Planner takes the absolute value of robot’s minimum rotational velocity."

I think that the rotations you have observed are a part of 6 Recovery behaviors:

6 Recovery Behaviors

An annoying thing about robot navigation is that the robot may get stuck. Fortunately, the navigation stack has recovery behaviors built-in. Even so, sometimes the robot will exhaust all available recovery behaviors and stay still. Therefore, we may need to figure out a more robust solution.

Types of recovery behaviors ROS navigation has two recovery behaviors. They are clear costmap recovery and rotate recovery. Clear costmap recovery is basically reverting the local costmap to have the same state as the global costmap. Rotate recovery is to recover by rotating 360 degrees in place.

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