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@gvdhoorn Thanks for your reference links.

This one solves my problem https://stackoverflow.com/a/30982079/6920365

You can use multicast on loopback but you have to add a new route because your OS using default external interface by default for multicast. Also multicast can be disabled by default on loopback. On linux you can change this with this command:

route add -net 224.0.0.0 netmask 240.0.0.0 dev lo
ifconfig lo multicast

To check loopback, run this command: (make you are disconnected from all network connectivity)

Terminal 1: ros2 run demo_nodes_cpp talker Terminal 2: ros2 run demo_nodes_cpp listener