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The datum parameter creates a fixed transform between the UTM grid and your world frame, not between map and odom. If your robot moves in the map or odom frame, then the transform between them will not be fixed. A fixed transform between map and odom means that your pose estimate in both frames is identical, which would almost never be the case.

If you lose GPS signal, then yes, you will continue to get a state estimate in your map instance of the EKF using just the odometry and IMU data. Redundancy is one of the key benefits of fusing multiple sources.